含油气区岩相古地理学的几个问题

Some Problems on Lithofacies Paleogeography in Oil and Gas Area

近 2 0年来 ,在含油气区工作的沉积地质学家似乎更多关注地层学 (地震地层学、层序地层学以及高分辨率层序地层学等 )的发展 ,对岩相古地理环境研究的理论创新及方法研究关注甚少。实际上 ,对岩石地层记录中古地理信息及其它们的驱动力来源和驱动机制的研究有非常丰富的内容 ,信息提取和环境重塑的新方法新技术也不断出现 ,岩相古地理学的发展仍然面临许多重大的理论和技术问题。本文对构造过程与沉积岩相分布样式的耦合关系及其敏感度 ;岩相古地理重塑的时间尺度和分辨率 ;岩相和环境单元的精细描述与刻画 ;岩相单元分布的预测 ;岩相古地理重塑的信息来源及其对称性以及数字化的岩相古地理制图等含油气区岩相古地理学中的几个问题给予了阐明。

In recently twenty years, sedimentary geologists working in oil and gas seemingly concern much the development of stratigraphy (seismic stratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and high-resolution stratigraphy ), while pay little attention to creation of theory and research of method in the research of lithofacies paleogeographic environment. In fact, there are much abundant contents in research of palegeographic information and its source of driving force and driving mechanism in petrostratigraphic record. The new methods and techniques of extracting information and environment are continuously appearing, and the development of lithofacies paleogeography is still facing many important problems of theory and technique. In this paper, some problems are expounded in lithofacies paleogeography of oil and gas area, which include coupling relationship and their sensibility between the process of structure and distributary model of sedimentary lithofacies, time scale and resolution of reconstruction of lithofacies paleogeography, delicate description and depiction of lithofacies and environmental units, prediction of distribution of lithofacies units, source of information and its symmetry of reconstruction of lithofacies paleogeography, and mapping of digital lithofaies paleogeography.