小儿支气管哮喘致敏原调查与脱敏治疗分析

SURVEY OF ALLERGEN AND DESENSITIZATION THERAPY IN CHILDHOOD ASTHMA

小儿哮喘是儿科常见病,发病率国外报道1～11%,国内为2%左右。本病因常反复发作,难以根治,严重危害儿童健康,而其致病因素与各种致敏原所致变态反应直接相关。为此,我们探讨了本地区小儿哮喘主要的致敏原及特异性脱敏治疗的临床疗效,现报告如下。

To elucidate the common allergen and to evaluate the efficacy of desensitization therapy in childhood asthma, allergen skin test was made in 72 children with extrinsic asthma (M40,F32,age 19/12-14 yrs),61 patients among them receiced desensitization therapy. 14 inhalant antigens, 10 bacteria and 16 food stuff were used for intradermal tests. Among those of inhalant antigens, mite accounted for 43/72(69.4%), followed by pollen(50%), multi valent mattress stuff (48.6%), dust (41.6%)and cockroach (31.6%), The most common bacterial antigens were Escherichia Coli (66.6%), Pneumoniae eillus (22.2%), Streptococci (22.2%)and Bacillus proteus (18.0%).Crab(27.0%)and mushroom(23.0%)were the most commmon among food stuff antigens. 61 patients received desensitization therapy, 46 of 61 were completed a full course of treatment. 53/67(86.7%)patients were under controlled, 43/61(70.4%)were effectve, 28/61 (45.(?)%)were free of attach completely.