试论《庄子》畸人形象的美学价值

Aesthetic Value of Freak Image in Zhuangzi

《庄子》是一部以文学手法阐发哲学思想的奇书。全书塑造了一个庞杂而奇特的形象系列 ,其中出现最多的人物是畸人 ,即形体残缺或极度丑陋的人。如果我们对这类人物形象的认识仅仅停留在“丑”的表层上 ,那实在有悖于庄子的良苦用心。庄子思想之深邃、眼光之独到 ,就在于善于超越那种表面形式上的和谐 ,用不和谐甚至是对立的形态 ,来表现更高层次上的和谐 ,来揭示畸人的内在精神美。

Zhuangzi is a peculiar book reflecting philosophy concept by the way of literature. It sculptures a series of complex and peculiar images. Most of the figures are freaks, i.e.disabled or particularly ugly people. We are required to understand the implication of Zhuangzi, instead of looking at the ugliness of figure images only. Zhuangzi uniquely and deeply exceeded the superficial harmony. He used disharmony or antithesis to show the harmony at higher level and the inner spiritual beauty of freaks.