美国描写语言学派与转换生成学派的语言观和方法比较

Comparison on Language Concept and Linguistic Methods between Structural Linguistics and TG

美国描写语言学和转换生成语言学是二十世纪语言学史上的两大流派。转换生成学派在描写派的土壤里萌芽 ,在与描写语言学派的决裂中逐渐成熟发展 ,在当今语言学界占据了主导地位。本文就两派在语言观和方法上的不同作简要比较。

American Structural linguistics (commonly known as Descriptive linguistics) and Transformational-generative linguistics (commonly abbreviated as TG) are the two major schools in the linguistic history in the 20th century. The former exercises a great influence on Chinese linguistics while the latter tends to be the most dynamic current linguistic theory, therefore to study these two linguistic theories is of necessity to us. The purpose of this article is to make a brief comparison between Structural Linguistics and TG on their language concept and linguistic methods.