萨满的“飞翔”与“附体”析论

Analysis For Shamanism's "Flying" and "Soul Sticking to Body

论及萨满的特性时 ,以著名宗教史学家M·埃利亚德为首的一些学者 ,赞同用“飞翔”的有无作为识别萨满身份的尺度。以社会人类学家M·刘易斯、日本学者佐佐木宏等为首的一些学者 ,则主张“附体”亦为萨满的基本特性。然而 ,“飞翔”与“附体”之间所具有的相互关系并未得到说明。从“飞翔”与“附体”的历史形成入手 ,探讨两者之间存在的内在关系 ,并对萨满教从精灵崇拜趋向神灵信仰 ,这一发展阶段的性质转换作一概略说明。

As people mentioned the character of Shamanism,Some scholars think that it's suitable for using “Flying” to identify Shamanism.While other people such as the social anthropologist M·Louis holds the view of using “soul sticking to body” as the basic character of shamanism.While the author think these scholars still didn't state the relationship of each other.The paper just began from the developing history of the two words,and discussed the internal relationship,and generalized the character's transform in the period of Shamanism religion from fairy adoration to jinn adoration.