明矾对小鼠遗传物质的损伤作用研究

The damaging effects of alum on genetic material in mice

目的:探讨含铝食品添加剂明矾对小鼠遗传物质的损伤及对抗氧化酶的影响作用。方法:采用昆明种小鼠进行明矾的半数致死量(LD50)、微核和精子畸变实验;测定组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力。结果:明矾小鼠腹腔注射的LD50为(1.48±0.0645)g/kg;精子畸变率随明矾摄入量的增加而增加,中、高剂量组显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01);明矾能增加小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞的微核率,低、中、高剂量组与阴性对照组相比均有统计学意义(P<0.02,P<0.005,P<0.001),能降低肝肾组织中GSH-Px和SOD的活力(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:明矾可影响小鼠的抗氧化系统,并对遗传物质具有损伤作用。

Objective:To investigate the effects of alum on genetic material and antioxidase in mice.Methods :Toxicological approach was employed to obseve the median lethal dose(LD 50 ),ra tios of mi cronucleus and sperm abnormity in in bred Kun Ming mice.The activities of su perox ide dismu tase(SOD)and glu tathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in liver and kid ney were also examined.Re sults:The LD 50 was1.48±0.0645g /kg.The test of sperm abnormity showed that the ra tio of sperm ab normi ty in creased with the in crease of alum in take.The ra tio of sperm abnoe rmity in the middle and high dose groups were higher than that in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01),whereas no significant difference was ob served between the low dose group and the control group.Micronucleus test proved that alum could in crease the mi cronucleus ra tio,which was signifi cantly different in the alum groups from that in the control group(P<0.02,P<0.005,P<0.001).The SOD and GSH-Px activities of liver and kidneys significantly decreased in alum group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Con clusion:Alum can affect the antioxidase system and dam age the genetic material of mice.