花果期持续受渍对油菜生长、产量与含油量的影响

INFLUENCE UPON GROWING AND YIELD AND OILINESS CONTENT OF RAPE IN FLOWER-POD STAGE UNDER DIFFERENT WATERLOGGED STRESS

油菜是江汉平原广泛栽培的越冬作物,在春季雨水较多时常遭遇持续受渍胁迫,对产量有明显影响。为了探索春季油菜田的排水管理、取得较高产量,通过测坑试验和小区试验,初步研究了花果期持续受渍对油菜生长、产量和含油量的影响。结果表明:油菜花果期持续受渍,主要是通过单株的有效角果数、千粒重等因素影响产量;随着持续受渍时间的延长,各受渍处理的单株有效角果数减少,千粒重降低,产量下降;与对照相比,较短时间(比如2天)持续受渍对油菜生长发育、产量形成以及籽粒含油量影响不大,但较长时期持续受渍会对油菜的这些方面产生不良影响,此类水分胁迫是生产上重点防治的对象。因此,在考虑地下水位动态及其作用时间对油菜影响的排渍指标研究中,应主要从持续受渍程度对产量的影响方面建立关系,确定适宜的新型排渍指标。

Rape is one of across winter crop that is popularly cultivated in Jianghan plain, and it often suffers from continuous subsurface waterlogged stress when rainfall is plentiful in spring so that its yield is obviously affected. In order to explore drainage management of rape field in spring season and obtain a good harvest, the influence upon rape growing, yield and seed oiliness in flower-od stage was studied through test -pit experiment. Results showed that the yield of rape under continuous waterlogged stress was mainly impacted by such factors as effective number of fruit per plant and 1 000 seeds weight in the stage. The longer time of keeping waterlogging, the less effective number of fruit per individual plant and 1 000 seeds weight and yield. In contrast to the CK treatment, and short-period waterlogged stress (such as two days) have little influence on the growing, forming of yield, and also the oiliness in seed. But long-time waterlogged stress for should lead to badness for aspects mentioned above, which must be considered in practice. Therefore, to determine suitable and new index for subsurface waterlogged drainage the influence of continuous subsurface waterlogged degree upon crop yield should be considered when drainage index for subsurface waterlogged elimination was examined in which the influence of groundwater tendency and its action time upon rape was also considered.