钻井液处理剂荧光问题的认识与思考

Understanding and pondering over fluorescence problem of drilling fluid additives

对钻井液添加剂进行荧光分析评价的目的,是考察其对原油荧光显示的影响程度,而科学的评价方法是该问题的关键。因此对于某些添加剂来说,即使其本身存在一定的荧光发射,但通过科学的评价方法确认为并不影响原油荧光显示,原则上应该允许其在钻井液中使用。介绍了荧光发射的机理及其影响因素。对紫外灯目测法和定量荧光分析方法进行了实例对比,提出了一种钻井液添加剂定量荧光评价推荐试验程序。荧光的发射及荧光强度首先取决于发射荧光物质的分子结构,另外,在荧光发射过程中不可避免地受到无辐射去活化过程的环境因子的影响,如温度、溶剂、pH值、溶解氧、激发光、荧光自熄和散射光等。研究认为,使用紫外灯目测法,在技术上很难准确分辨7级以下的荧光,而且人为影响因素大,测试结果缺乏客观性;定量荧光分析法更具科学性和实用性,有利于提高地质荧光录井水平,解放一大批性能良好、但在钻井生产中受到荧光限制的钻井液添加剂,确保钻井生产和原油勘探的顺利进行。

The purpose of analyzing drilling fluid additives in fluorescence is to investigate the degree of the additives affecting the fluorescence emission of crude oil, and the key is scientific appraisement method. Thus, certain additives that they have considerable fluorescence emission still could be used in drilling fluid if the scientific method had affirmed that the fluorescence emission of the additives does not affect the fluorescence emission of crude oil. A recommendation test procedure for the quantitative fluorescence evaluation on drilling fluid additives has been introduced based on the comparison between two methods of eye observation by ultraviolet lamp and quantitative analysis. And the study shows that it is difficult to differentiate accurately the grade of fluorescence under 7 by using ultraviolet lamp and the test result lack objectivity because of the human factors. Contrarily, quantitative fluorescence analyzing has more rationality and practicability. Depend on the method, the level of fluorescent log could be improved, and more good performance drilling fluid additives ever prohibited by fluorescence have been used in drilling and exploration successfully.