壳多糖抗肿瘤作用及对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

The Antineoplastic Property of Chitosan and Its Effect on the Immune Function of the Tumor-bearing Mouse

目的 :观察壳多糖的抗肿瘤和免疫调节作用。方法 :采用在体内试验 (动物移植性肿瘤法 )和体外试验(MTT法 ) ,观察壳多糖抑瘤作用及免疫调节作用。结果 :壳多糖对S1 80 肉瘤和艾氏腹水癌的抑瘤率分别为 5 9.3 3 %和5 2 .17% ,对环磷酰胺所致荷瘤小鼠白细胞下降、骨髓抑制、胸腺 ,和脾脏萎缩以及生命状况恶化有显著的拮抗作用 (P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 1) ;对巨噬细胞吞噬功能和血清溶血素抗体形成有明显的恢复作用 (P <0 .0 1) ;显著提高NK细胞杀伤活性(P <0 .0 1)。体外试验表明 ,壳多糖对肿瘤细胞无直接的杀灭作用。结论 :壳多糖具有一定的抗肿瘤作用 ,可以提高荷瘤小鼠免疫功能 。

Objective:To survey the antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities of chitosan. Methods: The antineoplastic activity and immunomodulating effects of chitosan were tested both in an in vivo experiment(using transplantable animal tumors) and in vitro assay (using the MTT method). Results:The inhibition rates of chitosan on sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma were 59.33% and 52.17%, respectively. Chitosan was also shown to exert definite antagonistic action against leukopenia, bone marrow suppression, thymic and splenic atrophy and deterioration of vital activity resulted from cyclophosphamide in tumor bearing mice ( P <0.05～0.01). Besides, chitosan was found to restore phagocytic function of the macrophage and the formation of serum hemolysin antibody( P <0.01). It also significantly enhanced NK cell killing activity in mice( P <0.01). Experiment in vitro demonstrated that chitosan had no direct killing effects on tumor cells. Conclusion:Chitosan was shown to have a definite antineoplastic effect. It could promote the immune function of tumor bearing mice and mitigate the toxic and side effects of chemotherapeutic agents.