江汉平原涝渍地域农业生态环境特征与评价指标体系

THE FEATURES AND APPRAISE INDEX SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURAL ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE WATERLOGGING LAND IN JIANGHAN PLAIN

江汉平原涝渍地域由于所处的特殊地理位置、地形条件和不当人为干预等原因,洪、涝、渍灾害频繁发生,农业生态环境受损严重。主要表现为气候资源丰富,但变率较大,分布不均;水资源相对充足,但涝渍相随,旱涝并存,且旱涝灾害有加重的趋势,农业用水的水质劣化趋势加剧;涝渍地的生物资源比较丰富,但生产力低下;涝渍地域相对贫困人口增加,血吸虫疫区不断扩展。在简要描述江汉平原涝渍地域农业生态环境主要特征的基础上,给出了涝渍地农业生态环境评价的主要指标体系。根据这一评价指标体系,可以将用于种植业的涝渍地分为基本适宜、比较适宜和不太适宜三种类型,为涝渍地的综合治理及合理利用与保护提供理论依据。

Because of the special geographical position,topographical condition and unsuitable interference in the waterlogging land of Jianghan Plain, the flood disaster and waterlogging disaster often occur, and the agricultural ecological environment is seriously damaged. The climate resource is rich in this area, with large variation and uneven distribution; The water resource is relatively enough, but the waterlogging and flood water on lowlying land always appear at the same season, the drought and waterlogging sometimes appear at the same year. The drought disaster and waterlogging disaster are becoming seriously; The biological resource is rich, but the productive force is low; The relatively poor people in waterlogging areas become more and more, the blood fluke area become biger. The paper describes the main features, and gives the appraise index system for the agricultural and ecological environment in the waterlogging land of Jianghan Plain. According to this appraise index system, the planting waterlogging land is divided into three types i.e. basically suitable, relatively suitable and non suitable land. This classification offers a theoretical basis for the harnessing,utilizing and protesting of waterlogging land.