山东汉族乡村青少年Heath-Carter法体型研究

A STUDY ON SOMATOTYPE OF THE HAN YOUNGSTERS IN RURAL AREAS OF SHANDONG PROVINCE WITH THE HEATH-CARTER ANTHROPOMETRIC METHOD

①目的 探讨山东省乡村汉族青少年学生的体型特点及体型随年龄的变化规律。②方法 应用Heath Carter人体测量法对 12 37名 (男 6 33名 ,女 6 0 4名 ) 7～ 19岁的乡村汉族学生进行了体型评定。③结果 随着年龄的增长 ,男、女生在 7～ 13岁内、外因子值上升 ,中因子值下降。 13岁以后 ,内、中因子值上升 ,外因子值下降。男生平均体型 7～ 10岁为中胚层 外胚层均衡型 ,11～ 14岁为偏中胚层的外胚层体型 ,15～ 17岁为三胚层中间型 ,18～ 19岁为内胚层 中胚层均衡型 ;乡村女生 7～ 12岁为均衡的外胚层体型 ,13～ 14岁为内胚层 外胚层均衡型 ,15～ 18岁为均衡的内胚层体型。男、女生体型 7岁出现性别差异 (t=2 .6 1,P <0 .0 5 ) ,13岁时性别差异明显扩大 (t=4 .2 1,P <0 .0 1)。乡村男生 17岁与 18岁年龄组间 ,女生 14岁与 15岁年龄组间体型存在差异 (t =2 .83、2 .78,P <0 .0 1)。山东汉族乡村男生体型与北京汉族、达斡尔族最为接近 ,与蒙古族 (12、13岁除外 )及 14岁以后的匈牙利人、芬兰人、日本人体型较为相似 ;女生体型与蒙古族 (7～ 11岁 )、达斡尔族 (8～ 10岁 )、芬兰人 (11～ 16岁 )、匈牙利人 (12～ 16岁 )较为接近。④结论 山东汉族乡材青少年体型随年龄的变化而变化 ,体型存在性别差异。男?

Objective To study the somatotype characteristics of rural youngsters of the Han people in Shandong Province.\ Methods\ The somatotypes of 1 237 persons of the Hans(633 boys and 604 girls) living in countryside aged between 7-19 years old were studied by the Heath Carter somatotyping method.\ Results\ The value of ectomorphy increased and the value of mesomorphy decreased with the development of the age among the boys and girls with ages from 7 to 13 years and both entomorphy and mesomorphy increased, ectomorphy decreased after 13 years old. The mean somatotype in 7-10 year old group in boys was mesomorph ectomorph, mesomorphic ectomorph in 11-14, central in 15-17, endomorph mesomorph in 18-19. The mean somatotypes of the girls in age groups 7-12 were balanced ectomorph, ectomorph endomorph in 13-14, balanced endomorph in 15- 18. The gender differences of somatotype appeared at 7 years old ( t=2.61,P <0.05), they became significant at the age of 13 ( t= 4.21, P <0.01). The boys somatotypes of the Hans in rural areas of Shandong were similar to those of the Hans of Beijing, Daur, Mongol(except 12 and 13), also similar to those of Hungarian, Finland, Japanese at 14-17. While the girls somatotypes were similar to those of Mongol(7-11), Daur(8-10), Finland(11-16) and Hungarian(12-16).\ Conclusion\ In both sexes, somatotype varies with age. There is a significant difference in the somatotypes between the boys and girls.