镇江口岸鼠形动物及体表寄生虫种群生态和肾综合征出血热抗原携带情况调查

Study on Ecological Habitats of Rodents and Their Ectoparasites Species and on Carry Situation of HFRS Antigen in Zhenjiang Port

目的 了解镇江口岸鼠形动物及体表寄生虫的种群生态和鼠肺组织中肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)抗原携带情况。方法 将镇江口岸沿江 6 0km岸线区域分为 4类生态环境 ,设 8个调查点 ,用夹日法和笼日法捕鼠 ,梳刷法采集鼠体表寄生虫 ,直接荧光法检验鼠肺HFRS抗原。结果 捕获鼠形动物 6 40只 ,鼠密度 7.41% ,隶属 3目 4科 7属 9种。黑线姬鼠是草灌区、码头区的优势种 ;褐家鼠、小家鼠分别是生活区、仓库区的优势种。褐家鼠、小家鼠和大麝鼠句的繁殖指数均高于 2。鼠形动物的密度高峰在 2～ 5月份。各鼠种的性比和成幼比变化较大。采集鼠体表寄生虫 16 19只 ,隶属4目 11科 19属 2 8种。蚤类、蜱类、革螨、吸虱、恙螨的优势种分别是上海狭蚤、长角血蜱、鼠句鼠青赫刺螨、锯多板虱、小盾纤恙螨。总染虫率为 5 0 .31% ,带虫指数为 2 .5 3。鼠体表寄生虫 3月份出现高峰 ,9月份出现次高峰。革螨和吸虱的宿主特异性低 ,宿主范围宽。鼠肺组织HFRS抗原阳性率为 2 .5 0 % ,阳性鼠为黑线姬鼠。结论 镇江口岸各生态环境的鼠形动物及其体表寄生虫的种类繁多 ,种群生态特征明显 ,口岸存在姬鼠型HFRS疫源地 ,黑线姬鼠是宿主动物。

Objective To make out of ecological habitats of rodents and the infestation level by ectoparasites and carry situation of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome antigen in Zhenjiang port. Methods 60 km bank along the lower reaches of the Yangzi River and 8 places were selected to capture rodents in the 4 ecological circumstances.Brushes were used to collect the insects on rodents' surfaces.IFAT was used to test the HFRS of rodents' lungs. Results 640 mouse-like animals were captured and the captured ratio was 7.41%. They were belonged to 3 orders, 4 families, 7 genera and 9 species. Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species in the grass and harbor habitats. Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus were dominant species in the residential areas and storehouse areas. All the reproduction index of Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus and Crocidure lusiura were above 2. The peak density of rodents ocoured in Much to May. The sex ratio, adult and infant ratio of all rats were diversified. 1 619 ectoparasites were captured. They belonged to 4 orders, 11 families, 19 genera and 28 species. The dominant species of flea, tick, gamasid, polyplax and jigger were Stenoponia shanghaiensis, Haemaphysalis longicornis, Hirstionyssus sunci, Polyplax serrata and Leptotrombidium scutellare. The infestation ratio and index were 50.31% and 2.53. The peak time of ectoparasites on rodents surface was Feb. to May. The second peak time was September. The host of gamasid and polyplax was not particular style and changed widely. The HFRS antigen positive ratio of rodent lung was 2.5%. The positive rat was Apodemus agrarius. Conclusion The rodents and ectoparasites on rodents surface in partial ecological habitats in Zhenjiang port belonged to different species and had obvious phyletic characteristic. The port has epidemic disease foci of Apodemus HFRS. The Apodemus agrarious was the host rodent.