乳房自查现状及其相关因素分析

Present Condition of Breast Self-examination and Relative Factors

目的了解妇女乳房自查的认知情况及乳房自查现状。方法采用调查问卷的形式 ,随机抽取保定市 2 0 0 0名 30～ 6 5岁妇女进行乳房自查现状及相关因素调查。结果妇女乳房自查率低 ,能按规范方法做的仅 11.3% ,坚持每月做 1次的仅 2 .4 % ;不同年龄和婚姻状况之间的妇女进行乳房自查率差异无显著性意义 (均P >0 .0 5 ) ;高中及以上文化程度者乳房自查率较初中及以下文化程度者高 ,医务人员比其他职业妇女会更多地进行乳房自查 ,乳房自查知识掌握多的妇女自查率高 ,本人及亲友曾经患过乳房肿块的妇女进行乳房自查的可能性更大 (均P <0 .0 1)。结论妇女乳房自查现状不容乐观 ,医务工作者应加强对妇女进行乳房自查的宣教工作 ,政府应给予社会干预。

Objective To know the cognitive situations and present conditions of breast self examination. Methods By using a questionnaire, 2 000 women of 30 to 65 years old from Baoding city were sampled randomly to investigate the present conditions and relative factors of breast self examination. Results Breast self examination rate was low. The women who did breast self examination standardly were only 11.3% and those who did breast self examination once every month only 2.4%. There was no significant difference in breast self examination rate between the women of different ages and different marriage conditions (all P >0.05). The breast self examination rate in the women of above senior middle school was higher than those of below junior middle school ( P <0.01). Medical staff did more breast self examinations than other occupational women ( P <0.01). The more the women mastered breast self examination knowledge, the higher the breast self examination rate was ( P <0.01). The possibility of breast self examination would be greater if she or her family members and her friends had been suffered from breast mass. Conclusion The present conditions of women breast self examination is not optimistic. Medical staff should strengthen propagation and education to women and the government should give some social interventions.