利用近红外透射分析仪快速测定玉米子粒品质的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Analyzing Maize Kernel Quality with NIT Analyzer

对425份玉米自交系和1125份杂交组合的子粒品质进行测定,并对粗脂肪、蛋白质、粗淀粉的杂交优势和亲本的相关性作了探讨。结果表明,3种成分在不同材料存在显著差异,粗脂肪和蛋白质变幅和变异系数都较大,粗淀粉含量变幅和变异系数都较小,自交系中平均含量分别为4 24%,12 17%和71 10%,杂交组合中平均含量分别为4 86%,9 93%,72 56%。458个杂交组合子粒的3种成分含量与亲本的相关性均较低,粗脂肪的中亲优势和超亲优势均表现较大的正向,蛋白质均表现为负向优势,粗淀粉的杂交优势变异幅度较大,平均正向杂交优势较小。

The kernel quality of 425 maize inbreds and 1 125 cross combinations were analyzed in this paper by using near infrared spectroscopy transmission(NIT)analyzer made by FOSS Company.The heterosis of roughfat(oil),protein and rough starch and the relativity between hybrids and their parents were also discussed.The study showed that the variance range and the variance indexes of roughfat and protein content were large,and those of roughstarch were minor.The average content was 4.24%,12.17%and 71.10% respectively for the roughfat,protein and roughstarch in inbreds,and 4.86%,9.93%and 72.56% respectively in cross combinations.The relativity of the three components between hybrids and their parents was minor.The midadvantage and superadvantage were positive for roughfat,and negative for protein.The cross advantage variance range was larger for roughstarch,and the average value was minor.NIT is a new method for quality analyzer in crop breeding.