脂肪酸构成对兔主动脉粥样硬化形成的作用

EFFECTS OF DIETARY FATTY ACID COMPOSITIONS IN HIGH FAT DIETS ON FORMATION OF AORTIC ATHEROSCLEROSIS

目的 : 探讨防治动脉粥样斑形成的膳食脂肪酸构成 (饱和∶单不饱和∶多不饱和脂肪酸 )并从血脂代谢上阐释其机制。方法 : 3 1只雄性兔分为脂肪酸构成 1∶ 1∶ 1 (I)、1∶ 1 .7∶1 .2 (II)、1∶ 1 .7∶ 2 .3 (III)的高脂组和对照组。喂养前、喂养第 44d和 77d测空腹血浆总甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇 (TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL-C) ,第 77d处死动物 ,测定升主动脉粥样硬化斑块面积。结果 : (1 ) I、II、III组斑块面积 (mm2 )分别为 4.45±2 .3 8、6.0 9± 2 .73和 3 .90± 1 .68,III组显著低于 II组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;(2 )喂养第 77d III组兔空腹血浆 TG为 0 .63± 0 .2 5 mmol/L显著低于 I组 1 .0 1± 0 .3 8和 II组 1 .2 4± 1 .1 7(P<0 .0 5 ) ,III组HDL-C/TG为 3 .68± 1 .69mmol/L,显著高于 I、II组的 2 .72± 1 .3 8和 2 .76± 1 .5 3 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,III组血浆 TG77d的累积浓度明显小于 I、II组 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 : 1∶ 1 .7∶ 2 .3膳食脂肪酸构成能降低血浆 TG和升高 HDL-C/TG。

Objective: To explore the effect of dietary fatty acid compositions (SFA∶MUFA∶PUFA) in high fat diets on formation of aortic AS in rabbits and its mechanism. Methods: 31 rabbits were randomized into control group, group I, group II and group III by feeding routine chow, and supplemented with 0.5% cholesterol and 14% fat to generate 1∶1∶1, 1∶1.7∶1.2 and 1∶1.7∶2.3 of SFA∶MUFA∶PUFA respectively. Fasting plasma was taken before and at the 44 th , 77 th day after the experiment for detecting TC, TG, HDL C and LDL C. The aortic atherosclerotic plaque areas were measured with image analysis system. Results: (1) The plaque area in group III was significantly smaller than that in group II. (2) Rabbits in group Ⅲ had significantly lower levels of fasting TG and higher HDL C/TG at the 77 th day than those in group I and II. Conclusion: The dietary SFA∶MUFA∶PUFA composition of 1∶1.7∶2.3 can minimize the formation of aortic AS in rabbits. The possible mechanism is that this composition may depress the increase of plasma TG and enhance ratio of HDL C/TG.