三价铬电沉积非晶态Fe-Ni-Cr合金的研究

Research on the Electrodeposition of Amorphous Fe-Ni-Cr Alloyin Trivalence Chrominium Aqueous

研究了一种电镀液性能优良、重现性好且利于环保的非晶态Fe_Ni_Cr合金电沉积新技术 ,采用此技术获得的非晶态Fe_Ni_Cr合金中Fe、Ni和Cr的质量分数分别为4 5 %～ 5 5 % ,33%～ 37%和 9%～ 2 3% .利用正交试验法对电镀液的配方和工艺参数进行了优化 ,采用优化的方法于室温下电沉积 2 0min可得到Fe、Ni和Cr质量分数分别为5 4.4 % ,33.9%和 11.7%的镜面非晶态Fe_Ni_Cr合金镀层 ,镀层厚度达 11.3μm、维氏硬度达 5 6 0左右 .分别采用等离子发射光谱 (ICP_AES)、X_射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜(SEM )和X_射线荧光分析等方法对非晶态Fe_Ni_Cr合金镀层的组成、结构、性能、厚度及其影响因素进行了检测分析 .实验结果表明 ,镀液组分对合金镀层成分有较明显的影响 ,而电沉积操作条件则对合金镀层物理性能的影响较为明显 .只有当电镀液中含有稳定剂H_W时电沉积所得合金镀层中才有Cr存在 ,且由于稳定剂H_W与添加剂的共同作用 ,导致所得Fe_Ni_Cr合金镀层具有非晶态结构 .

A new type of Fe 2+ ,Ni 2+ and Cr 3+ chloride a queous plating bath, which is environmentally harmless, steady and excellent, ha s be en proposed for the electrodeposition of amorphous Fe_Ni_Cr alloy contain ing 45%～55% Fe, 33%～37% Ni and 9%～23% Cr(mass fraction). The method of the el ectrodeposition of amorphous Fe_Ni_Cr alloys has been optimized through orthogonal experiment, and amorphous Fe_Ni_Cr alloy deposits with a mirror_like appearance, which contains 54.4% Fe, 33.9% Ni and 11.7% Cr(mass fraction ) and w ith the microhardness(HV) up to 560 and the thickness up to 11.3 μ m, were obtained at room temperature and with 20 min electroplating. In ductively Couple Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP_AES), X_ray Diffraction (XRD), S can ni ng Electron Microscope (SEM) and X_Ray Spectrometry were used to characterize th e p roperties of the Fe_Ni_Cr alloy deposits. Experimental results show that the eff ec ts of electrolyte factors on the composition of the Fe_Ni_Cr alloy deposits are distinct, while the effects of electrodeposition operation co nditions on the physical properties of the alloy deposits are distinct. Only in the case of the stabilizer H_W being used in the plating baths, is chrominium presented in the alloy deposits. Because of the mixed effect of stabilizer H_ W and additives, Fe_Ni_ Cr alloy deposits obtained by the novel technology are amorphous.