历山自然保护区猪尾沟森林群落植被格局及环境解释

Pattern of forest vegetation and its environmental interpretation in Zh uweigou, Lishan Mountain Nature Reserve

应用 TWINSPAN、DCA和 DCCA,从植物种、植物群落与环境的生态关系方面 ,研究历山自然保护区猪尾沟森林群落的植被分布格局 ,并给予合理的环境解释。结果如下 :( 1 )采用 TWINSPAN数量分类方法 ,将植被划分为 9个群落类型。 ( 2 )对于特定的研究区域猪尾沟 ,制约森林群落类型、植物种分布格局的主要因素是海拔梯度 ,即水、热两个环境因子。 ( 3) DCCA排序图明显反映出排序轴的生态意义 ,第一轴基本上突出反映了各植物群落所在环境的海拔梯度 ,即热量因素 ,沿第一轴从左到右 ,海拔逐渐升高 ,植物群落或植物种对热量要求降低 ;第二轴主要表现了各植物群落或植物种所在环境的坡度、坡向 ,即水分和光照因素 ,沿第二轴从下到上 ,坡度渐缓、坡向渐向阳。

Quantitative research on ecological relationships at landscape and re gion scales between vegetation and the environment has been developing rapidly, and became one of the focuses of vegetation science. In this paper, pattern of f orest vegetation in Zhuweigou of Lishan Mountain Nature Reserve, in relation to the environmental factors, was investigated using TWINSPAN, DCA and DCCA. By TWINSPAN, the forest communities were classified into 9 types. In general, th e distribution of plant communities could comprehensively reflect the influence of climate, altitude, topography, edaphic conditions and so on. These patterns c ould be considered a combination of factors operating at different scales. The r esults of DCA ordination indicate that the main factors that restricted distribu tion of the communities were temperature and humidity in Lishan Mountain. That i s to say, altitude and disturbance appeared to override the effect of soil nutri ents. At the same time, the ordination of species and the ordination of quadrats were compared. It was shown that the ordination plot of the dominant species in plant community was similar to that of the plant community type. To some extent , the distribution of the former determined that of the latter. The species-environment correlation was more obvious using DCCA than DCA ordina tion, It was in favor of interpreting the ecological meaning of the ordination a xes. The first axis expressed the gradient of altitude among the communities, an d the second axis represented the gradient in aspect and slope among the communi ties. Generally using DCCA, the quadrats with similar composition and environmen ts and the species with similar habitat located closer to the center of the ordi nation plot.