社区精神分裂症患者社交技能缺陷康复的训练

Social skill training for rehabilitating social skill disability of schizophrenics in the community

目的:精神分裂症患者社会交往技能缺陷是精神分裂症患者认知功能障碍的重要表现之一,用抗精神病药物治疗社会交往技能缺陷的收效甚微,探讨社会交往技能训练对精神分裂症患者社交技能缺陷康复的作用。方法:将148例病情明显好转以上的出院精神分裂症患者随机分为社会交往技能训练组(74例)和对照组(74例)。两组皆在门诊常规治疗,而训练组同时接受《社会交往技能训练程式》训练10周,并随访12个月。以SAD、SDSS、复发率和再住院率来评定疗效。结果:无论在训练或随访期间,训练组从训练第4周以后各时点的SAD均值和第6周以后各时点的SDSS均值皆显著优于对照组,P均<0.01;随访结束时两组间复发率比较无显著性差异,P>0.05,但训练组再住院率(19%)显著低于对照组(37%),P=0.022。结论:社会交往技能训练能有效地提高精神分裂症患者的社交技能,并有效降低患者再住院率。

AIM:Social skill disability of schizophrenics is one of the most important manifestations of cognition disorder and only mild effects are achieved on social skill disability by administration of antischizophrenia drugs.The trial was to explore the effect of social skill training for rehabilitation of schizophrenics in the community.METHODS:148 schizophrenics who didn't discharge from hospital until they recovered were randomly divided into two groups, the social skill training group (74 cases ) and the control group(74 cases). Two groups were regularly treated in outpatient department but, at the same time, the social skill training group was trained with the social skill training program founded by Beijing Anding Hospital for 10 weeks. And two groups were followed up for 12 months. We evaluated the effect of social skill training according to the SAD,SDSS, the rates of relapse and re hospitalization. RESULTS:During the training and follow up period, the social skill training group was significantly superior to the control group according to both the SAD score on all time points after the 4th week and the SDSS score on all time points after the 6th week(P< 0.01). Substantially, although there was no significant difference between two groups on the rate of relapse (P >0.05), but the rate of re hospitalization in the social skill training group (19%) was significantly lower than the control group (37%), P=0.022. CONCLUSION: The social skill training is not only effective to improve the social skill of schizophrenics but very useful to prevent patients from re hospitalization as well.