非平衡相变临界指数及普适性

Critical Exponent and Universal Category of Nonequilibrium Phase Transform

在非平衡相变临界现象中也存在着普适规律,其包含的内容比平衡相变临界现象的情况更复杂、更丰富。非平衡相变对临界普适类的划分也更为精细,本文在非平衡相变规格化模型的基础上,考察了非平衡相变的临界普适性以及影响普适类的因素,计算出了三种普适类的临界指数值及其满足的标度关系,其结果与已知的实验值吻合得较好,在一定程度上揭示出非平衡相变的临界普适规律。此外,本文还讨论了平衡相变与非平衡相变在临界现象上的差别与联系,揭示了两者在普适性方面的统一。

There are also universal laws in the critical phenomena of nonequilibrium phase transform. They contains more substantial and abundant than in the critical circumstances of equilibrium phase transform. They are more fine and precise to divide the universal categories in the neighborhood of critical point for nonequilibrium phase transform. In this paper, on the basis of the standardized model of nonequilibrium phase transform, it is studied that the critical universality and the factors to be influence in the universal categories of nonequilibrium phase transform. Three class critical expenent's values about universal categories and relerant scaling laws are derived, and they all tally better with the known esperiment values. The universal laws of nonequilibrium critical phenomena are revealed to a certain exlent. In addition, the difference and relations of the critical universalities between the tow phase transform of equilibrium and nonequilibrium are discussed. The unity of the tow critical phenomena is bringing to light in respect of the universalitv.