陆地棉产量与品质性状的主基因与多基因遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Yield Traits and Fiber Qualities by Using Major Gene Plus Polygene Mixed Inheritance Model in Upland Cotton (G. hirsutum L.)

对(泗棉3号×TM 1)(组合Ⅰ)和(泗棉3号×CARMEN)(组合Ⅱ)的产量与品质性状进行遗传模型分析,得到有关产量与品质性状的最适遗传模型,其中组合Ⅰ子指的最适遗传模型为负向显性主基因+多基因模型,铃重最适遗传模型为等显性主基因+多基因混合遗传模型,衣分、单株铃数的最适遗传模型分别为两对主基因+多基因和一对主基因+多基因模型。组合Ⅱ中衣分、子指、单株铃数、铃重、整齐度和麦克隆值的最适遗传模型均为无主基因的多基因模型,纤维长度、纤维强度和伸长率最适遗传模型均为一对主基因+多基因模型。主基因个数的预测与分子检测的主效QTL个数基本相符。选用P1、P2、F1和F2∶3四个世代联合分析方法,相比于单个分离世代的分离分析法,增加了试验的精确度,保证分析结果的准确性,并可以鉴别多基因的存在。

The method of major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model was used to analyze the genetics of yield traits and fiber qualities in (Simian 3×TM1) and (Simian×CARMEN). The optimum model of boll size in crossⅠis even dominant major genes plus polygene mixed inheritance model, and that of seed weight is negative dominant major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model. The optimum model of lint percent is two major genes plus polygene and that of boll numbers per plant is one major gene plus polygenes. In crossⅡ,the optimum models of lint percent, seed weight, boll numbers per plant, boll size, uniformity and Micronaire are all polygene models without major gene, while those of length, strength and elongation are one major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance models. The number of major gene are consistent with that of QTLs. The segregation analysis of quantitative traits in this paper by using P1, P2, F1 and F2∶3 generations, compared with using single generation, is more accurate and can identify polygenes.