节水灌溉对滨海盐渍土棉花生理生化变化和生长发育的影响

Effects of Economical Irrigation on Physiological and Biochemical Changes and Growth of Cotton in Coastal Saline Soil

在自然条件下,安排了以灌水为主区、盖膜为副区的裂区试验,研究了灌水与盖膜处理对滨海盐渍土水分、盐分含量变化、棉花生理生化和生长发育的影响。结果表明,在不盖膜与盖膜两种条件下,土壤含水量均随灌水量的增加而增加,而土壤含盐量随之降低,由此形成了"土壤脱盐淡化层";棉花生理生化和生长发育均受水、盐胁迫的影响,但灌水量1500m3·hm 2与2250m3·hm 2处理间无显著差异;从节水和高效角度考虑,以地膜覆盖度50%、灌水量1500m3·hm 2处理最佳。

The experiment of splitplot design with 4 main irrigation treatments and 2 subtreatments covering with plastic film was conducted to study the effect of irrigation and covering with plastic film on changes of soil moisture content, salt content, physiology, biochemistry and growth of cotton under natural conditions on coastal saline soil region. The results showed that soil moisture content increased with the increase of irrigation norm, while salt content decreased under covering with plastic film or not. Thus the desalination layer of soil (lower salt content in soil) was formed. The physiological and biochemical changes and growth of cotton were affected by stresses of water and salt, but there was no significant difference between the irrigation norm of 1500m3·hm2 and that of 2250 m3·hm2. The treatment of 50% covering rate with plastic film and irrigation norm of 1500 m3·hm2 was optimal by taking account of economical water usage and high irrigation benefit.