平衡相变与非平衡相变的临界统一

The unity of nonequilibrium phase transform and equilibrium phase transform in the neighborhood of critical point

平衡相变与非平衡相变虽然是不同质态背景下的相变,但其临界行为却有极大的相似性。在一般相变的规格化模型基础上,两类相变的临界行为可由统一的理论来描述。本文以非平衡相变的规格化模型为基础,考察了两类临界现象在参考态、势函数、相关函数、可标数、可标度性、临界指数、标度律和普适性方面的相互关系,论证了两类相变的临界统一性,从而看出非平衡相变的临界理论比平衡相变临界理论更丰富、普适,平衡相变的临界现象可作为非平衡相变的临界现象的极限而含于同一理论体系中。

Although occurring in the difference, background of the character and state, the action of the nonequilibrium phase transform and equilibrium phase transform is very similar in the neighborhood of critical pcint. On the basis of the standardized modol of the general phase transform, the action of the two class phase transforms is described by the unit theory. In this paper, on the basis of the standardized model of the nonequilibrium phase transform, we studied the difference and ralations of the two class critical phenomena in respect of the reference state, patential function, correlative function, scaleabilities, critical expenents, scaling law, universality and so on, The unity of equilibrium phase transform and nonequilibrium phase transform in the neighborhood of critical point are proved. It is discovered that the critical theory of nonequilibrium phase transform is more substantial and universal than that of equlibrium phase transform. And the critical phenomena of equilibrium phase transform, are included in our unified theory as a special limit case of the critical phenomena of nonequilibrium phase transform.