车辆发动机悬架系统现状与进展

PRESENT SITUATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF VEHICLE ENGINE MOUNT SYSTEM

理想的发动机悬架系统应隔离发动机工作转速范围内由发动机干扰力所引起的发动机振动 ,并阻止由冲击而激起的发动机弹跳 ,这意味着发动机悬架的动态刚度和阻尼是与频率和振幅有关的。改善依赖于频率和振幅特性的动态刚度与阻尼是发动机悬架系统发展的关键所在。传统的弹性悬架不能满足所有的要求 ,它仅能在静偏转和隔振之间进行折衷。特别在低频域 ,被动的液压悬架能比弹性悬架提供更好的特性。通常半主动技术 ,由于其可调性而被用来进一步改善液压悬架的特性。为了隔振 ,低频时主动发动机悬架系统非常硬 ,而在高频域内被调整的非常软。主动的发动机悬架已被认为是发动机悬架的新一代。发动机悬架系统的优化是相当可取的 ,但发动机悬架的优化工作出现一些局限性。文中综述国内、外发动机悬架技术的现状与进展。

The ideal engine mount system should isolate engine vibration caused by engine disturbance force in engine speed range and prevent engine bounce from shock excitation. This implies that the dynamic stiffness and damping of the engine mount should be frequency-and amplitude-dependent. The development of engine mounting systems has mostly concentrated on improvement of frequency and amplitude dependent properties. The conventional electrometric mounts do not meet all the requirements and can only offer a trade-off between static deflection and vibration isolation. Passive hydraulic mounts can provide a better performance than electrometric mounts especially in the low frequency range. Semi-active techniques are usually used to further improve performance of hydraulic mounts by making them more tunable. The active engine mounting system can be very stiff at low frequency and be tuned to be very soft at the higher frequency range to isolate the vibration. The active engine mounts have been considered as the next generation of engine mounts. The optimization of engine mounting systems is quite desirable. The current work on the optimization of the engine mount systems shows some limitations. The paper mainly introduced the present situation of internal and aboard of shock alleviation technique of automobile engine and their trend of development.