复合材料飞轮的设计分析

DESIGN ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL FLYWHEEL

复合材料具有重量轻、强度高等优点 ,是储能飞轮的理想材料。文中对复合材料飞轮的储能能力及其影响因素进行分析 ,并对两种结构复合材料飞轮———单层与多层等厚度圆环飞轮的应力分布与结构设计进行定量分析与比较。飞轮的储能能力受飞轮转子结构及其飞轮材料强度的影响 ,飞轮转子内外半径比应根据实际应用要求确定 ,选择高强度低密度的材料可提高飞轮的轮缘线速度 ,从而提高飞轮的储能能力。等厚度圆环飞轮的应力分布主要受飞轮转子内外半径比和材料物理特性的影响。对于内外半径比一定的单层圆环复合材料飞轮 ,飞轮的环向应力远大于其径向应力。与单层圆环飞轮相比 ,多层圆环飞轮的应力分布更为均匀、合理 ,飞轮的储能能力更大。

Composites are desirable materials for flywheel energy storage due to their light weight and high strength. This paper analyzed the ability of energy storage and its influence factors for composite flywheel. The stress distribution and structural design of flywheels were quantificational analyzed and compared for two types of composite flywheel, single-ring and multi-ring constant-thickness rim flywheel. The ability of flywheel energy storage is influenced on flywheel rotor structure and flywheel material intensity. The inner to outer radius ratio is chosen correctly according to practice application requires. Choosing high strength and low density material can increase the flywheel rim velocity and improve the ability of flywheel energy storage. The stress distribution in constant-thickness rim flywheels is mainly influenced on two factors, the inner to outer radial ratio and the characteristics of composite materials. For the single-ring composite flywheel with a given inner to outer ratio, the hoop stress is great bigger than the radial stress. Compared with single-ring flywheel, multi-ring flywheel can evidently improve the stress distribution and increase the ability of energy storage. The referential method and theoretic basis is provided for the analysis and design of high-speed energy storage composite flywheel.