遵照典礼之规制配合 山川之胜势——清永陵建筑艺术成就评析

A comment on the artistic characteristics of YonglingMausoleum of Qing Dynasty

目前在建筑史界 ,对清永陵的建筑艺术价值评价不高 ,普遍认为它陵墓气氛不浓 ,无甚特色 ,是先清早期不成熟的作品。然而 ,如此评价未免有失公允 ,在发掘、整理大量原始文献的基础上 ,从风水格局、纪念氛围、建筑尺度、空间构成、建筑形制、陵寝仪制等几方面可以廓清清永陵的建筑艺术成就。

Weak in mausoleum ambience, shortage of characteristics, an immature and imperfect work of pre-Qing Dynasty' is the general judgement of the Yongling Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty, which is located in Xinbin County, Liaoning Province. The authors of this article came to conclude that such a judgement was unfair after making an on-the-spot survey and investigation. Based on the excavated and coordinated original historical documents, the authors outlined a new comment on the artistic characteristics of the Yongling Mausoleum from the following aspects: location in terms of fengshui; commemorative atmosphere; architectural scale; space composing; architectural design; etiquette of mausoleum.