对日本民俗“芸能”的分类研究

Classifications of Japanese folk custom GEINOU

日本民俗文化“芸能”按其内容可分为神类、田类、风流类、祝福类和外来类五种类别。从“芸能”中可以看出日本民众的观念和意识 ,它反映了日本民众的自然观、社会观和人生观。民俗“芸能”是历史的积淀 ,它仍保留着古代“芸能”的原始面貌。在研究“芸能”艺术史方面 ,它是宝贵的历史资料。民俗“芸能”和民间的信仰密切相连 ,民族信仰支撑着民俗“芸能”。日本民俗“芸能”起源于祭祀或者源于宗教 ,这也证明宗教信仰同“芸能”的关系。

In terms of content, Japanese custom GEINOU falls into five categories: SINGAKU, DENGAKU, HUURYUU, SYUKUHUKU and GAIRAI. GEINOU reflects the ideology of Japanese people and their views of nature, society and life. Folk custom GEINOU is the accretion of history, retaining the primitive features of ancient GEINOU. It originated from sacrifice or religion and is sustained in the national beliefs, which indicate a close relationship between GEINOU and religions. The art of GEINOU is quite valuable to the historical study of Japanese cultures.