湄潭县杂稻制种气候资源的初步研究

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON CLIMATIC CONDITION IN HYBRID RICE SEED PRODUCTION IN MEITAN COUNTY

分批播种试验结果表明,杂稻制种扬花季节的气候因子中,唯日平均气温与结实率回归关系达极显著,扬花期灾害性天气对结实率及产量影响极大。据此,提出了杂稻制种中划分安全及最佳扬花时段的指标及方法,确定了湄潭县安全及最佳扬花时段的起止时间。 以水稻生育的有效积温为热量单位,统计了湄潭县10～24℃初终日时段内的热量条件,指出了该县制种迟熟组合的主要矛盾是热量供求关系紧张,必须提早制种父本的抽穗扬花期,才能实现安全及最佳扬花时段的安排。

It was shown that the average temperature was the significant only factor to influence setting percentage among all weather conditions in flowering stage of rice,and calamitous weather affected setting percentage and yield heavily. According to this, the standard and method about dividing safety and the best flowering period was provided for hybrid rice seed production,the proper period was decided for Meitan county.The heat condition during the period when 10-24℃ temperature occurred was statisticed, the head needed by restoring line during the peiod from sawing to head sprout was tested by counting accumlated temperature in rice growing period as a heat unit.It was pointed out that the main problem for late ripening hybrid rice was shortage of enough heat in Meitan county,the male parent heading and flowering period must adjusted to be earlier so as to achieve the arrangment for safety and the best flowering adriod.