“一”以贯之,“人”法自然——《老子》二十五章校读

One"Runs through the Chapter,"Man"Follows the Natural Way——An Interpretation of "Lao Zi(Chapter 25)

在对文本进行校释的基础上 ,重新解读《老子》二十五章。关于章旨 ,这里提出了两个基本观点 :一是本章所论述的道的本质性状以及如何体道的问题 ,可归结为哲学意义上的“一”来理解。本文主要从“一”与“道”、“大”等的语源关系加以探讨 ;一是“人法地 ,地法天 ,天法道 ,道法自然”的句法特征 ,即主词和宾词围绕同一中心语而递相推转。这种句式在表达其内容时 ,更强调开头的主词和末尾的宾词之间的语义联系。所谓“人法自然”或“王居其一” 。

The author presents two basic viewpoints in the course of interpreting 'Lao Zi(Chapter 25)'.First, the article involves the essence and embodiment of Tao which can be summarized as 'one' in the philosophical sense. It mainly deals with the etymological relations between 'one','Tao'and'big'.Second,it analyzes the syntactic feature of the sentence 'Man follows earth, earth follows heaven, heaven follows Tao, and Tao follows nature' in which the same verb is put in the middle of four subjects and objects and one object becomes another subject. This sentence pattern lays more stress on the semantic relations between the subject at the head of the sentence and the object at the end. The sentence'Man follows the natural way' or 'The king is the supreme ruler on the earth' shows that the king should know the law of great Tao and then people would submit to his authority.