河西走廊苹果梨生态气候适应性与区划研究

Adaptability analysis of ecological climate and regional research on the apple pear in Hexi Corridor.

试验研究表明河西走廊由于生态气候的不一致性,苹果梨具有明显的地域分布和时间特征,并表现出不同生长习性和品质属性,因气象要素分布的不均衡性,苹果梨生长发育年际间亦存在一定差异。甘肃省民乐县园艺场苹果梨果实生长发育动态呈“S”型曲线增长,据此计算出7月上旬至8月中旬果实生长率(CGR)最大,是果实膨大关键期,果实膨大适宜温度为15～21℃,全生育期需稳定通过≥7℃年积温2300～2800℃,品质形成期(9月上旬～10月上旬)要求凉爽的气候,在适温范围内日较差大,光照充足,有利于可溶性固形物含量的积累和着色,品质好。并依据影响苹果梨产量和品质的主要气象制约因子将河西走廊划分为5个气候适生区。

Experimental analysis shows that owing to be different ecological climates in Hexi Corridor's areas,the apple-pear has obvious regional distribution and temporal characters,and shows different growing habits and quality properties.The growth and development of apple pear show a certain difference yearly because of disequilibrium of meteorologica! factors distribution in every year.The growing trend of apple-pear fruit shows 'S' typical increasing curve.According to this curve,we can computer that the fruit productivity is the largest between the last ten days of July and the middle ten days of August.The suitable temperature of fruit swelling is 15~21℃.The whole growing period needs to pass ≥7℃.and accumulating temperature steadily that is 2300~2800℃.The qualities' forming period (from the first ten days of September to the first ten days of October) needs cool climate.Within the suitable temperature,there are big daily temperature's difference and enough sunlight which are in favor of good quality and accumulation of soluble solidity's content.On the basis of analysis on the main meteorological restricting factors that affect the apple-pear's yield and quality,the Hexi Corridor is plotted into five climate suitable growing areas.