提高复合反应选择性的措施

The methods to improve the selectivity of complex reaction

分析了温度和浓度是影响复合反应选择性的主要因素。反应器类型和反应器操作方式影响反应物浓度和温度分布,从而影响反应的选择性;对于气固催化反应,还可通过选择合适的催化剂类型、结构和形状、活性组分非均匀分布,以及控制催化剂中毒程度和反应物吸脱附过程等方法来提高反应的选择性;近年来,出现了一些提高复合反应选择性的新方法,如:超临界反应、膜反应、反应精馏等。

The main influencing factors on the selectivity of complex reaction are analysed. The type and operating mode of reactors inflects the distribution of temperature and concentration of reactants, which affected the selectivity of complex reaction. For gas- solids catalytic reaction, to choose the proper type, structure and shape and the distribution of active components of the catalyst, and to control deactivation degree of the catalyst and the adsorption and desorption processes of the reactants could also improve the selectivity of reaction. Recently, some new methods, such as supercritical chemical reaction, membrane reaction, and reactive distillation, have been applied to improve the selectivity of complex reaction.