幼儿气质的相关因素研究

The Study on Factors Correlated With Toddler's Temperament

【目的】 探讨影响幼儿气质的相关因素。 【方法】 对 2 3 4名合格对象采用PCR、VNTR多态性分析技术 ,检测其DRD4exonⅢ 48bpVNTR ;用TTS测查其气质 ;用家庭因素问卷了解其家庭环境因素。 【结果】 幼儿气质类型与性别、父亲对子女不良行为采用说理的教育方法 ,父母亲生活规律、父亲性格随和、母乳喂养、产伤、脐带绕颈、出生体重有关 ;幼儿气质维度与性别、父亲 (或母亲 )对子女不良行为的处理方法、父母亲及带领人文化程度、父母离异、是否经常感冒、父母亲生活规律、DRD4exonⅢ 48bpVNTR等因素有关 ,影响注意力分散度的因素由强到弱依次是 :DRD4exonⅢ 48bpVNTR >母亲文化程度 >父亲生活规律。 【结论】 幼儿气质受家庭环境和DRD4ex onⅢ

To investigate the factors correlated with toddler's temperament. Polymorphisms of dopamine D 4 receptor(DRD 4) in 234 Han Chinese toddler from Chengdu were investigated by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and VNTR.Toddler's temperament was evaluated with the toddler (1～3 years) old temperament scale (TTS),and environmental factors of toddler were evaluated with questionnaire. Chi square, independt.simple t Test and multianalysis were used to analyze the association between toddler's temperament and its correlated factors. These following factors were significantly associated with different temperament types:sex,the explanation of father's attitude to children's bad behavior,parents' regular living regimen,amiable character of father,breast feeding,birth injury,umbilical cord around neck,birth weight.However,these following factors were significantly associated with different temperament dimensions:sex,the father's or mother's attitude to children's bad behavior,parents and foster's education,parents divorced,cold often or not, parents' regular living regimen, DRD 4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR. The DRD 4 exon Ⅲ 48bpVNTR polymorphisms,mother's education and father's regular living regimen were ordinally associated with distractibility. [Conclusions] Toddler's temperament was affected by environmental factors and DRD 4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR polymorphisms.