酶的定向固定化方法及其对酶生物活性的影响

The Methods of Oriented Immobilized Enzymes and the Activities of Enzymes Affected by Oriented Immobilizatiom

固定化酶可以提高酶的稳定性 ,但通常酶通过酶分子上的多个赖氨酸残基随意固定在载体上 ,这样会使酶的活性显著下降 ,采用定向固定化酶不仅可以提高酶的稳定性 ,而且可以保存它的活性。综述了定向固定化酶的几种方法 ,比较了定向固定化和随意固定化对酶活性的影响。另外 ,还叙述了酶的活性位点结构变化的自旋共振波谱 (EPR)检测。

To increase stabilities of enzymes,they are immobilized to carrier through the numerous lysine residues,but the activities of immobilized enzymes are significantly decreased largely due to different orientations of the enzyme with respect to the carrier or to multiple point attachment.To circumvent this difficulty,site- specific immobilization of the enzymes with the active site directed away from the membrane is essential.Our paper reviews several methods of oriented immobilization of enzymes and compared with the activities of oriented and random immobilized enzymes.We also narrate the analysis of active- site of enzymes through electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR). ;