黄泥河自然保护区老白山南坡植被垂直带谱及其特点

Vegetation Vertical Zone Spectrum and Its Features on Southern Slope of Laobai Mountain in Huangnihe Nature Reserve

老白山南坡植被垂直分异现象明显,可划分为5个植被垂直带:蒙古栎阔叶林带、红松阔叶混交林带、鱼鳞云杉暗针叶林带、岳桦林带和偃松林带。由于山体小、下部受人为干扰以及上部被多条沟谷切割,故植被垂直带较窄。山体上部因受沟谷切割,加之分布冰缘地貌石河以及部分植物种具有较强的适应性,所以造成垂直带谱的破碎化。山顶冷湿,地势平坦、发育有沼泽。老白山比长白山白头山纬度高2°,海拔低995m,植被垂直带谱比其多一个偃松带;老白山比大兴安岭英吉里山纬度低7°,海拔高236m,植被垂直带谱比其多一个岳桦林带,说明老白山植被垂直带谱具有从温带向寒带过渡的特点。

The southern slope of Laobai Mountain, with obvious differentiation phenomenon of vegetation vertical zones, was classified as five vegetation vertical zones including Quercus mongolica broadleaved forest zone, Pinus koraiensisbroadleaved mixed forest zone, Picea jezoensis dark coniferous forest zone, Betula ermanii forest zone and Pinus pumila forest zone Due to Laobai Mountain being a middle mountain, disturbed by human being and incised by a few gullies, the vegetation vertical zones are narrow A few gullies, rock river and some plant species good ability of adaptation led to fragmentation of the vegetation vertical zone spectrum At the mountaintop, the ground was flat, and fen and mire was developed Contrast to the Baitou Mountain of Changbai Mountains, there were 2° higher in latitude and 995 m lower in altitude, there was a more Pinus pumila forest zone on the southern slope of vegetation vertical zone spectrum in Laobai Mountain Contrast to Yingjili Mountain of Daxing'an Mountains, 7° lower in latitude and 236 m higher in altitude, there was a more Betula ermanii forest zone on the southern slope of vegetation vertical zone spectrum in Laobai MountainIt suggested that the vegetation vertical zone spectrum of Laobai Mountain was in the transition from cooltemperate mixed needlebroadleaved forest zone to boreal needleleaved forest zone