生物体内的应激醛损伤及其代谢——动物生理性衰老的重要生化过程

Damage and Defense of Aldehyde Stress in Organisms─ An Important Biochemical Process During Animal Physiological Aging

在生物体系中,脂质过氧化和糖基化总是与应激醛的形成有关.但直到最近几年才证明这些脂质过氧化和糖基氧化产生的应激醛产物有很强的生物毒性,能对细胞造成种种与衰老过程相关的急性或慢性伤害.例如,当血浆和各种器官处于氧化应激过程中,脂质过氧化产生的4 羟基壬烯醛(HNE)和另外几种应激醛产物的含量显著增加,而HNE有细胞毒性、诱变和基因毒性等特性.大量的研究表明,生物组织中产生的应激醛与脂质过氧化和糖基化造成的病理生理后果有关,即应激醛是脂质过氧化或糖基化过程中的第二毒害信使和重要媒介.因此,有必要了解脂质过氧化和糖基化中应激醛的形成机理、种类、在生物体中的代谢以及它们对生物体的损伤.

It has recently become more evident that aldehyde stress resulted from lipid peroxidation and glycation is harmful in biological system and can produce a number of deleterious effects in cells during aging.For example,4hydroxynonenal(HNE),a major aldehyde produced in vivo during the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids,exihibits cytotoxic,hepatotoxic,mutagenic,and genotoxic properties.A large number of studies demonstrated that aldehydes produced in living tissues were involved in physicpathological consequence which generated by lipid peroxidation and glycation,that is to say,stress aldehydes are 'second toxic messengers' and intermedium in the progress of lipid peroxidation and glycation.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify stress aldehydes including their formation mechanisms,physicochemical characteristics,metabolism and their damage to organisms.