健康新生儿口腔微生物的早期定植研究

THE STUDY OF EARLY ESTABLISHMENT OF MICROFLORA IN ORAL CAVITY OF NORMAL NEONATES

目的 :观察母亲阴道细菌对其新生儿口腔微生物定植的影响 ,确定早期定植于新生儿口腔的细菌种类以及新生儿口腔的优势菌 ,观察不同喂养方式对新生儿口腔微生物的影响。方法 :对刚出生的 2 2名健康新生儿口腔及其母亲分娩前的阴道进行棉拭子取样 ,新生儿连续一周每天口腔取样 ,在需氧、兼性厌氧、厌氧条件下培养 ,检出细菌经形态学及生化鉴定。刚出生婴儿的口腔拭子及其母亲阴道拭子选用成品的CY酵母菌快速显色检测培养盒检测酵母菌。结果 :剖腹生产的刚出生的健康婴儿口腔 1 0 0 %无菌 ,经产道生产的刚出生的健康婴儿口腔 2 5 %有菌 ;母亲阴道细菌Staphlococcusepidermidis (S .epidermidis) ,Streptococcusfaecalis (S .faecalis) ,Lactobacillispp .在经产道生产的刚出生的新生儿口腔中可以检出 ;45 5 %新生儿出生后第二天可检出Streptococcussalivarius (S .salivarius)的定植 ,S .salivarius和Strepto coccusmitis (S .mitis)为出生一周新生儿口腔的优势菌 ;9 1 %的新生儿口腔中可检出厌氧菌Veillinellaspp 。母乳喂养和人工喂养的新生儿口腔优势菌差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5) ,但人工喂养新生儿口腔中的S .epidermidis检出率和菌量均明显低于母乳喂养组 (P >0 0 5)。 结论 :母亲阴道细菌对经产道生?

Objectives:The purposes of this study are:(1)to determine the correlation between the vaginal microflora of the mother and the initial oral bacteria of their newborns;(2)to determine the predominant bacteria in the oral cavity of the normal neonates.(3) to observe the effects of different feeding way on the oral predominant flora in neonates.Methods:The early establishment of the oral microflora of healthy neonates during the first week of their lives was studied in 22 babies.8 of them were born by vaginal delivery and 14 by cesarean section.The oral swab samples for the study were taken from the buccal mucosa and alveolar ridges of neonates at birth and each day in the first week of their lives.The vaginal swab samples were taken from the healthy mother before her delivery.All the samples were cultured aerobically,facultative anaerobically and anaerobically at 37℃ for 48 h.The strains were identified by colony characteristics and biochemical tests.Results:The oral cavity was sterile in 100% of the newborns delivered by cesarean section and in 75% of the newborns by vaginal delivery. S.epidermidis,S.faecalis and Lactobacilli spp. present in the vaginal cavities of their mothers have some effects on the microflora present in the oral cavities of newborns at birth. S.salivarius and S.mitis are predominant species in the oral cavities of the neonates during the period of this study.There had no difference between the predominant flora in oral cavity of mother milk feeding neonates and milk feeding neonates( P >0 05),but the amount of S.pidermidis in oral cavity of mother milk feeding babies is lower than that of milk feeding babies( P <0 05).Conclusion:The microflora appeared in the oral cavity of neonates at birth came from the vaginal cavity contamination of mothers. S.salivarius and S.mitis are predominant species of the microflora early colonized in the oral cavities of normal neonates. Veillonella spp. was the first anaerobic species appeared in the oral cavity of healthy neonates.Different feeding way had no significant effects on the early colonization of predominant microflora in oral cavity of neonates.