跨越中等收入陷阱国家的发展经验分析

Analysis on the Development Experience of Countries that Overcame the Middle-income Trap

本文通过梳理200多年来世界现代经济增长的历程,总结了英、美等先发国家以及日、韩等后发国家跨越中等收入阶段的经验,分析了拉美国家落入中等收入陷阱的发展教训,从而得出了产业发展作用于经济增长的内在机理:产业升级是跨越中等收入陷阱的关键,科技创新和人力资本是支撑产业升级的核心动力,产业战略是后发国家跨越中等收入陷阱的重要保障,产业规模化、体系化为加快发展提供了必要条件。

By reviewing the world history of economic development in the past two centuries,this article sums up the experience of advanced countries such as Britain,the United States,West European countries,Japan and South Korea in overcoming the middle-income trap,analyzes the lessons learned from Latin American countriesfalling into the middle-income trap,and sheds light on how industrial development drives economic growth:industrial upgrading holds the key to avoiding the middle-income trap,scientific and technological innovations and human capital are the core pillars for industrial upgrading,industrial strategies are an important guarantee for late developers to overcome the middle-income trap,and making industrial operations larger in size and more systematic is essential to accelerating development.