中国金融机构在国际信贷业务中如何有效控制境外担保品的思考

Thoughts of Mechanism of Effective Control of Offshore Collateral Assets by Chinese Financial Institutions in International Credit Affairs

自2013年我国政府提出"一带一路"倡议以来,中国金融机构越来越多地通过有物权担保的国际银团贷款支持中资企业"走出去"开展大型跨境项目。鉴于境外的担保品很可能位于中资银行尚未建立分支机构的司法管辖区,因此,远在异国他乡的中资银行如何依据国际惯例持有、管理并在必要时高效执行担保品以维护贷款资金安全,就成为亟待研究的课题。笔者结合自己的国际银团业务实操经验,通过解析英国法项下的信托概念、亚太贷款市场协会(APLMA)标准文本中担保代理行相关条款,以及担保代理行的潜在替代方案平行债务结构的模式和适用情况,为中资金融机构有效控制境外担保品以及做好项目前期尽职调查提出相应的工作建议。

Since the Chinese government put forward'the Belt and Road'initiative in 2013,Chinese financial institutions are increasingly supportive of granting secured international syndicated loans to Chinese enterprises to carry out large-scale cross-border'going global'projects.It is possible that collateral assets are located in foreign jurisdictions in which the Chinese banks have not yet established branches;hence,in order to protect the security interests of those banks,it is important to understand how to possess,manage and when necessary,effectively enforce the collateral based on established international practice.The author combines her own experience in international syndicated loan practice with her understanding of English Trust Law,key Security Agent related clauses under the APLMA template,and the potential alternative scheme of the Security Agent—Parallel Debt and its application to finally arrive at a proposal to Chinese financial institutions to effectively manage offshore collateral and conduct due diligence investigation in the early stage of the projects.