《伤寒论》汗法刍议

A Tentative Discussion on the Diaphoretic Method Exposited in the TREATISE ON EXOGENOUS FEBRILE DISEASES

汗法是八法之首 ,主要应用于表证。《伤寒论》中有关汗法的条文约占全书三分之一而有余 ,与汗法有关的方剂 17首 ,对汗法的论述 ,内容丰富 ,颇为详尽 ,独具特色 ,对后世汗法的应用深有启迪。其主要内容有如下 5个方面 :辛温解表 ,文火久煎 ;温服微汗 ,不可如水流漓 ;汗法应用 ,首分虚实 ;汗法禁忌 ,以虚为主 ;汗法加减 。

Diaphoretic method ranks the first in the eight methods, mainly applied in the treatment of superficial syndrome. Exposition of such method takes up more than one third of the TREATISE ON EXOGENOUS FEBRILE DISEASES, and recipes having to do with this method amount to seventeen in this book. The description, rich in content, minute, and with distinctive features, has thrown lights on the later generations in the application of such method. The main content covers the following five aspects:(1)simmer with smother fire drugs of pungent and hot nature to relieve exterior symptoms;(2)take the decoction warm for slight perspiration rather than profuse perspiration;(3)distinguish excess syndrome from deficiency syndrome;(4)deficiency syndrome should be contraindicated;(5)use the diaphoretic method flexibly with modification.