15个国外李子品种花粉生活力的观察

Trial on the Pollen Activity from 15 Foreign Plum Cultivars

采用形态法、沙尔达考夫染色法和悬滴液发芽法测定 15个国外李子品种的花粉量、花粉粒的正常形态和花粉生活力。结果表明 ,10个品种的花粉量较多 ,5个品种较少 ;12个品种的花粉粒正常形态为长椭圆形 ,3个品种为长桶形 ,花粉适宜的发芽温度为15℃～ 2 0℃ ,低温对发芽有抑制作用 ,9℃条件下 ,2个品种的发芽率为 40 .6 %和 46 .8% ,其余品种在 12 .6 %～ 2 4.8%之间。 3℃条件下 ,4个品种的发芽率在 11.8%～ 16 .2 %之间 ,其余品种在 1.4%～ 7.8%之间 ,形态法、染色法的精确度低于发芽法 ,有 77%的可靠性。

The quantity, shape and activity of pollens from 15 foreign plum cultivars were studied by various methods including watching formation, dyeing and germination. The results show that 10 cultivars have more pollens than others; the pollen shape of 12 cultivars looks like an ellipse, while the others is similar to a long barrel; the suitable sprouting temperature of pollens is 15～20℃, and lower temperature can curb germinating.