大学生学业压力与心智游移的关系:应对方式的中介作用

Relationships Among Academic Stress, Coping Style and Mind Wandering in University Students

为研究大学生学业压力、应对方式与心智游移三者之间的作用关系,本文采用结构方程模型方法构建大学生学业压力、应对方式与心智游移的关系模型,并采用多阶段抽样法,对1008名大学生进行了问卷调查。研究结果表明:竞争压力、父母压力和期望压力正向影响自发思维,成绩目标压力、任务要求压力和挫折压力正向影响注意失控,前景压力和环境压力正向影响总体性评价;成绩目标压力和父母压力正向影响自责,前景压力和竞争压力正向预测幻想,成绩目标压力和任务要求压力正向影响退避;自责正向影响注意失控,幻想正向影响自发思维,退避正向影响注意失控和总体性评价;自责、幻想和退避的不成熟型应对方式是学业压力对心智游移影响的部分中介变量;选取适当的降压应对方式,可以有效降低大学生心智游移的负面影响。

In order to study the relationship among university students academic stress,coping style and mindwandering,the structural equation model was used to construct the relationship model between academic stress,coping style and mind wandering.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1008 college students using multi-stage sampling method.The results showed that competition stress,parental stress and expectation stress positively predict spontaneous thought,achievement goal stress,task demand stress and frustration stress positively predict attention out of control,and outlook stress and environment stress positively predict overall evaluation;Achievement goal stress and parental stress positively predict self-accusation,prospect stress and competitive stress positively predict fantasy,achievement goal stress and task demand stress positively predict retreat;Self-accusation positivly predicts attention out of control,fantasy positivly predicts spontaneous thought,retreat positivly predicts attention out of control and overall evaluation;The immature coping styles of self-accusation,fantasy and withdrawal are part of the mediating variables for the effect of academic stress on mind wandering.The negative effects of mind wandering can be effectively reduced by reducing university students’academic stress and selecting appropriate coping styles.