试论波旁王朝复辟与法兰西第二帝国的衰败

On the Restoration of the Bourbon Dynasty and the Decline of the French Second Empire

1814年法国波旁王朝的复辟具有历史必然性,法国国家性质已经由封建君主制转变为资产阶级君主制。波旁王朝复辟时期的法国科学文化繁荣发展,浪漫主义在全欧洲产生深远影响。1852年建立的法兰西第二帝国难以满足国内工业资本主义发展的要求,最终被历史所淘汰。

In 1814, the restoration of the French Bourbon Dynasty was historically inevitable, and the French state was transformed from a feudal monarchy into a bourgeois monarchy. French science and culture were flourishing during the reign of bourbon, and romanticism had a profound influence throughout Europe. The French Second Empire, established in 1852, was unable to meet the requirements of the development of domestic industrial capitalism, and was eventually eliminated by history.