从翻译的视角看日汉语句结构的异同

Similarities and Differences between Chinese and Japanese Sentence Structure from the Perspective of Translation

日本和中国同属汉字圈文化,众所周知,日语源自汉语,即使是现代日语中也包含大量汉字。但是日语和汉语的语言构造是不同的,最突出的表现是谓语在句子中的位置不同,日语的谓语放在句子最后,而汉语则放在宾语之前。两者有着各自独特的语法构造和表达形式,分别形成了个性鲜明的特征。对于日语学习者来说,学习两种不用构造的语言必然存在翻译时不能一一对应句子成分等复杂的问题。另一方面,日本人和中国人的思维习惯存在差异,表达同一个意思但未必使用同一种句式,造成因使用形式迥异的句式而呈现出句子表象差别较大等情况。本文通过考察日语和汉语在句子构造上的差异探讨解决日汉互译中常见问题的方法。

Japan and China are both in characters circle culture, we all know, the Japanese from Chinese, even modern Ja-panese also contains a large number of Chinese characters. But the Japanese and Chinese language structure is different, the most prominent manifestation is different predicate position in the sentence, the last sentence in Japanese predicate, while Chinese is placed before the object. Both have their own unique grammar structure and forms of expression, formed a dis-tinctive characteristics. For Japanese learners, learning two languages do not correspond to the complex structure of the sen-tence constituents and other problems are bound to exist when the translation. On the other hand, there is a difference of Ja-panese and Chinese people's habits of mind, express the same meaning, but not necessarily use the same sentence, resulting from the use of different forms of sentence and sentence representation showing vary greatly and so on. This paper discusses the method to solve common problems, Japanese and Chinese Translation by examining differences in the Japanese and Chin-ese sentence structure.