青少年罪犯的自我效能感、自尊感及其与家庭诸因素、社会支持的关系

Self Efficacy and Self-esteem of Juvenile Offenders and their Relationship with Family Factors and Social Support

目的:探讨青少年罪犯的自我效能感、自尊感的特点,以及它们与家庭诸因素、社会支持的关系。方法:采用一般自我效能感量表,自尊感量表,父母教养方式量表和社会支持量表等对82名青少年罪犯进行调查。结果:青少年罪犯在一般自我效能感量表的得分显著低于中学生和大学生对照组(t=-2.02,p<0.05;t=-2.74,p<0.01),小学或以下学历者得分显著低于初中或以上者(t=-3.39,p<0.01),17岁或以下者得分边缘显著低于18岁或以下者(t=-1.78,p<0.08);青少年罪犯在自尊感量表上的得分均显著低于中学生与大学生(t=-7.44,p<0.01;t=-12.40,p<0.01),小学或以下学历者得分显著低于初中或以上者(t=-2.45,p<0.05);青少年罪犯的自我效能感、自尊感均与父母教养方式和社会支持等有一定程度的相关,自我效能感与父母教养方式中的父亲过分干涉,母亲情感温暖、理解,母亲过分干涉和过度保护,以及社会支持中的客观支持有显著正相关(ps<0.05),自尊感则与父母教养方式中的父亲情感温暖、理解,母亲情感温暖、理解,以及社会支持中支持总分,主、客观支持有显著正相关(ps<0.05)。结论:青少年罪犯的自我效能感和自尊感差于一般青少年,而这一状况与家庭诸因素、社会支持存在一定的关系。

Objective To explore the characteristics of self efficacy and self-esteem of juvenile offenders, and their relationship with family factors and social support. Methods a total of 82 juvenile delinquents were investigated by the general self efficacy scale, self-esteem scale, parenting style scale and social support scale. The results of young offenders in general self-efficacy scale scores were significantly lower than that of middle and high school students in control group(t=-2.02, p<0.05; t=-2.74,p<0.01), primary school degree or less score lower than the junior or above(t=-3.39, p<0.01), at the age of 17 or less was divided edge was significantly lower than that of 18 years of age or younger persons(t=-1.78, p<0.08); young offenders in selfesteem scores were significantly lower than that of middle school students and college students(t=-7.44, p<0.01; t=-12.40,p<0.01), primary school degree or less score lower than the junior or above(t=-2.45, p<0.05); juvenile offenders, self-efficacy,self-esteem and parental rearing patterns and social support to a certain extent, self-efficacy and parenting style in the father's over interference, mother's emotional warmth and understanding, mother's excessive interference and overprotection, and agency There was a significant positive correlation in objective support support(ps<0.05), self esteem and parenting style of father emotional warmth and understanding, mother's emotional warmth, understanding, and social support in support, is positively related to the subjective and objective support(ps<0.05). Conclusion the self-efficacy and self-esteem of juvenile offenders are lower than that of adolescents, and this situation is related to family factors and social support.