选择性注意中视听干扰现象的影响因素

The Influence Factors of Visual-auditory Distraction in Selective Attention

选择性注意在认知系统的信息进行加工的过程中扮演着重要的角色,从低级的知觉加工到高级的学习推理等认知活动,选择性注意都起着关键性的作用。在学生学习过程中,如何抑制各种干扰信息的激活,维持当前目标信息对于提高学习效率有着重要的意义。声音干扰视觉任务现象并不是纯粹的刺激驱动过程,工作记忆、年龄、情绪以及自我将对声音刺激引起的干扰现象产生影响。

Many researchers have found that rare and unexpected changes in an otherwise regular sound background stimulation can capture attention and may impact negatively on behavioral performance in current task. Namely, auditory deviance distraction, is defined as the lengthening of response time and sometimes, the reduction of response accuracy, following the presentation of the deviant stimulus. We reviewed work on the cognitive process of distraction effect by deviant sounds and more significantly, highlighted some of its key determinants, such as working memory load, age and emotion. Future research should further explore the cognitive neural mechanism of regulation of different factors on the auditory deviant distraction.