中国在国际科技合作网络中的角色和地位演变——基于2000—2015年国际专利合作数据的实证研究

Evolution of China's Role and Status in International Science and Technology Coopration Network:An Empirical Study Based on the Data of International Patent Cooperation from 2000 to 2015

为了分析中国在国际科技合作网络中的角色和地位变化,以世界40个国家2001—2015年的国际专利合作数据为分析对象,并运用社会网络分析方法进行分析。分析结果表明:过去15年间,中国在国际科技合作网络中的地位和角色发生了显著变化,合作对象从欧美向亚洲扩展,合作格局由"中-欧美日"向"中-欧美亚"转变。国际科技合作网络中,美、英、日、法、德等始终处于中心位置,土耳其、冰岛、韩国等始终位于边缘位置;个体网络规模持续扩大,网络连接数继续增加,核心"朋友圈"遍布网络;中国的核心度排名逐渐上升,且处于结构洞的关键位置,掌握资源和连接资源的能力逐步增强。

Based on the international cooperation patent data about 40 major countries from 2001-2015, this paper uses social network to analyze the evolution of China’s role and status in the international science and technology cooperation network. The results show that significant changes have taken place over the past 15 years. China’s cooperative partners have expanded from Europe and America to Asia, and the pattern of cooperation has changed from 'China-Europe-Japan' to 'China-Europe-Asia'. In the cooperative network, the United States, Britain, Japan,France and Germany are always at the center of the network, and Turkey, Iceland, South Korea, etc. are always at the edge of network. China’s ego network size and links have increased continually, and the core 'friend circle' spreads across the network. China’s core ranking continues to rise. China is located in structure hole, and its ability to manage resources and connect resources has been gradually enhanced.