基础科学研究发展指数分析

Analysis on Developmental Index of Basic Science Research

结合表征研究能力的论文份额和表征影响力的被引用度定义可表征基础研究发展水平的发展指数(DI)指标,选择各学科代表性期刊,计算分析中国与美、英、德、法、日各学科的发展指数。结果显示,中国各学科都呈增长趋势,除天文学外,其他学科的增长速度都位居第一;各学科排名中,化学位居第一,地学和综合学科位居第二,物理学位居第三,数学和生物学位居第四,天文学位居第六;中国基础科学综合发展指数逐步超越日、法、德、英,2017年位居第2。研究表明,发展指数可用于基础研究趋势分析,并为科研机构和学科评估等提供一个定量手段。

In this paper,developmental index(DI)is defined to characterize the developmental level of basic research by combining paper share(PS)index and cited degree(CD)index that characterize the capacity and impacts of basic research,respectively.Journal samples that contain representative journals of various disciplines in basic science fields are chosen to calculate the DIs and the comprehensive developmental degree(CDI)of six countries(China,USA,UK,Germany,France and Japan)on each discipline and on the whole basic science fields.The findings show that,except astronomy,the development of each discipline all exhibits an upward trend in China;the slopes of fitting line on DI of other disciplines all rank first.In China’s ranking of the disciplines,chemistry is the first;earth sciences and multi-discipline are the second;physics is the third;mathematics and biology are the fourth,and astronomy is the sixth.The CDI of the China’s basic science research has successively exceeded 4 countries(Japan,France,Germany and UK),ranking second at 2017.Overall,the above results show that the DI proposed in this paper can be used to characterize developmental level of basic research,to analyze the trend of basic research,and to provide a quantitative means for assessment on scientific research institutions and disciplines.