自然状态下的规范问题——基于洛克自然法理论的分析

Problemon Norm under the State of Nature——Based on the Analysis of Locke's Theory of the Law of Nature

一般认为自然状态是混乱无序的,但从洛克自然法理论来看,自然状态是一个有规范的状态,其规范源于自然法。自然法是关于人类正当行为的最低规定,人人皆可认识自然法,人人皆有自然法的执行权。人们为了保存自身和社会,协同执行自然法,因而自然状态是一个有规范的状态。自然状态下的规范还是政治社会中规则和制度的根源。

Generally people think that the state of nature is chaotic,but from the point of Locke's theory of the law of na-ture,the state of nature is a normal state where the norm is the law of nature. The law of nature is rule about the humanminimum justified behaviors. Everyone can understand natural law and have right to enforcement the law of nature. In orderto save their own and society,everyone implement the law of nature jointly,thus the state of nature is a state of norm. Therules and institutions in political society are to continue and expand the norms of the state of nature.