“气象浑然”与宋代诗学的“言”、“意”观

The “Hun” State of “Qi” and the Relation between “Rhetoric” and “Meaning” in Song Poetry

宋代诗学追求"气象浑然"的境界,体现在诗歌语言结构的"言""意"关系中。宋人认为过度的语言雕琢妨碍"意"的畅达,从而也伤害了"气"的浑然。但对于过分忽略语言的张力从而表"意"过于直露的情况,宋人也进行了反思,同样认为"气象"不够浑然。宋人理想的语言结构是"言意相会",即两者达到平衡和交融,即"气象浑然"。

The poetic of the Song Dynasty pursues the'hun'state of'qi',which means naturality,integrity,and implici-ty. All those reflected in the proper relation of'rhetoric'and the expression of'meaning'. They considered that the ex-cessive rhetoric could hinder the fluency of the expression,and at the same time would harm the'hun'state of'qi'. Onthe other hand,they also opposed the ignoring of rhetoric and the exposing of the'meaning'. The ideal state of he lan-guage structure is the balance and blending of the'rhetoric'and the expression of'meaning'.