国内政治与大战略——试析影响高祖至景帝时期西汉帝国对匈战略的国内因素

Domestic Politics and Grand Strategy——The Reasons Why the Han Empire Took a Defense Strategy with Huns from Kao- Tsu to Emperor Jing of Han

自高祖到景帝末期,西汉在同其北方劲敌匈奴的关系处理上长久的坚持了一个清晰可辨的大战略,其特点可以防御性加以概括。促成帝国宫廷制定并延续这一战略的原因应当从国内因素中加以探求,高祖时期白登战争惨败的深刻教训与持久震撼、反秦思潮与保守政治文化在宫廷的持续弥漫以及严重干扰帝国对外经略的国内政治整合共同限制了帝国宫廷采取他种战略的意愿与能力。

From Kao- Tsu to Emperor Jing of Han,the Han Empire took an effective and stable strategy with the Huns.Many reasons could explain why this strategy was taken. Firstly,the defeat of Bai Deng battle discouraged the empire so deep and permanent that nobody wanted to initiate another war. Secondly,the conservative political culture restrained the empire to take a positive strategy,thirdly,the empire was so busy to solve the'Guan Dong Problem',in other words,to make a stable domestic order. All of these three reasons make the empire to take a defense strategy.