约旦民族国家构建演进历程与特点

The Process of Nation- state Building in Jordan and Its Characteristics

约旦民族国家构建分为三阶段,1921年至1946年为早期形成阶段,组建了君主制外约旦酋长国威权政府,民族国家构建受殖民主义、泛阿拉伯民族主义影响,国家建立依靠部落的忠诚与支持,君主从伊斯兰圣裔哈希姆家族寻找统治合法性。第二阶段为1946年至1999年,约旦哈希姆王国成为独立主权国家,形成约旦国家认同,强调君主民族主义,逐步从政治、经济、社会、文化、教育、医疗卫生方面发展完善民族国家构建,开始现代民族国家整合,但也伴随族群危机。2000年至今为第三阶段,阿卜杜拉二世继续推进政治民主化进程,发展自由化经济,开展全方位外交。约旦民族国家构建相对成功。

The nation- state building of Jordan is divided into three stages,from 1921 to 1946 for the early formation stage,setting up the Monarchy Transjordan Emirate Authoritarian Government. The nation- state building was influenced by colonialism and the Pan- Arabia nationalism,depended on loyalty and support of tribes,and the monarch wanted to search for legitimacy from the Islamic holy family- the Hachem family. The second stage is from 1946 to 1999. The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan became an independent sovereign state,it formed the Jordanian national identity and emphasized the monarch of nationalism,the nation- state building was gradually improved politically,economically,socially,culturally,educationally,medically and so on. With the beginning of modern nation- state building,it also accompany with ethnic group crisis. The third stage is from 2000 year until now,when the King Abdullah II continues to promote the process of political democratization,to develop the free economy and carry out all- round diplomacy. The nation- state building of Jordan is relatively successful.